The Effectiveness of Arumanis Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Peel Extract on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Hypertension is a condition characterized by increased arterial blood pressure, often occurring without symptoms, and is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Treatment of hypertension is commonly managed with antihypertensive drugs such as amlodipine. One natural substance with potential antihypertensive effects is the peel of the arumanis mango (Mangifera indica L.), which contains phytochemical compounds such as mangiferin, flavonoids, and tannins.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of arumanis mango peel extract on reducing blood pressure in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a hypertension model.

Research Methods: This study used a post-test only control group design involving 36 male white rats divided into six groups: negative control (no treatment), positive control (induced with 2.5% NaCl and prednisone), comparator control (amlodipine), and three treatment groups receiving arumanis mango peel extract at doses of 40 mg/kgBW, 50 mg/kgBW, and 60 mg/kgBW. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s post hoc test.

Results: Arumanis mango peel extract significantly reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05), with the 60 mg/kgBW dose showing the greatest reduction. This effect is presumed to be related to the activity of mangiferin as an antioxidant and vasodilator.

Conclusion: Arumanis mango peel extract exhibits significant antihypertensive effects, with 60 mg/kgBW being the most effective dose. Mangiferin is thought to be the primary compound responsible for the blood pressure-lowering activity.