The Relationship Between Parity, History of Curettage, and History of Cesarean Section with Placenta Previa at Vina Estetica General Hospital Medan in 2022–2024

Abstract

Placenta previa is a pregnancy abnormality in which the placenta partially or completely covers the birth canal (internal uterine os). This condition carries the risk of antepartum hemorrhage, which can be life-threatening for both the mother and fetus if not adequately managed. Factors thought to influence the occurrence of placenta previa include parity, history of curettage, and history of cesarean delivery. Objective: To determine the relationship between parity, history of curettage, and history of cesarean delivery and the incidence of placenta previa in pregnant women at Vina Estetica General Hospital, Medan, from 2022 to 2024. Method: This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. Secondary data were obtained from the medical records of 75 respondents. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a non-probability sampling method. Results: Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between parity (p = 0.000), history of curettage (p = 0.001), and history of cesarean section (p = 0.000) and the incidence of placenta previa. Multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant influencing factor was parity (p = 0.001), followed by history of cesarean section (p = 0.005) and history of curettage (p = 0.023). Conclusion: This study found that parity, history of curettage, and history of cesarean section were significantly associated with the incidence of placenta previa in pregnant women at Vina Estetica General Hospital, Medan, between 2022 and 2024.
Keywords: Parity, Curettage, Cesarean Section, Plasenta Previa