Membangun Ketahanan Masyarakat Pesisir Melalui Ocean Literacy Berbasis Modal Sosial

Abstract

Climate change increases the vulnerability of coastal communities through sea-level rise, coastal erosion, extreme weather, changes in fishing seasons, and the degradation of coastal ecosystems. Under these conditions, ocean literacy is no longer understood merely as knowledge about the ocean, but as a social capacity that strengthens communities’ ability to adapt. This study aims to develop a conceptual model of ocean literacy based on social capital to build the resilience of coastal communities to climate change through a coastal sociology perspective. The study employs a qualitative approach using library research, drawing on various secondary sources such as scientific articles, books, conference proceedings, research reports, and policy documents. The findings indicate that ocean literacy is a social construct shaped through social interactions, values, norms, collective experiences, and social learning within coastal communities. Social capital—which includes trust, social networks, norms, participation, and collective action—serves as an antecedent factor that shapes and strengthens ocean literacy. Furthermore, ocean literacy contributes to enhancing communities’ adaptive capacity through the ability to identify risks, access information, make decisions, manage marine resources sustainably, and promote collective action in the face of climate change. This study offers a novel perspective by positioning ocean literacy.