Psychological Perspective of the Main Character in Fredrick Backman’s Novel A Man Called Ove

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the psychological development of the main character in Fredrick Backman’s novel A Man Called Ove used Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality, which consists of the id, ego, and superego. Employing a qualitative research method, the analysis focuses on Ove’s behavior, thoughts, narration and dialogue throughout the novel. The findings reveal that Ove’s character demonstrates the dynamic interplay between the three kinds of Freud’s theory. In the early part of the story, Ove is dominated by the id, reflected in his impulsive, antisocial, and emotionally driven actions such as anger, rudeness, and suicidal tendencies. As the narrative progresses, the ego begins to emerge, helping Ove respond to reality more rationally, especially as he starts to interact and form relationships with those around him. Eventually, the superego becomes more prominent, guiding Ove to act based on moral values and social responsibility. This development is influenced by characters and events that evoke empathy and human connection, particularly the presence of Parvaneh’s family and the memory of his late wife, Sonja. The study concludes that Ove’s journey illustrates a psychological development shaped by internal conflict and emotional growth, offering insight into how human behavior is regulated by the mind’s structural components.